{"id":21933,"date":"2026-03-18T00:34:51","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T00:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hazhan.org\/?p=21933"},"modified":"2026-03-18T00:40:27","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T00:40:27","slug":"%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d9%86%db%8c-%d9%81%db%95%d9%84%d8%b3%db%95%d9%81%db%95%db%8c-%d8%b4%db%8c%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c-analytic-philosophy-%da%86%db%95%d9%86%d8%af-%d9%87%db%95%d9%86-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hazhan.org\/?p=21933","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc Analytic Philosophy \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u06ce\u06a9 \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 Philosophy of Language"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0662-\u0662<\/p>\n

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\u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0646\u062c\u06d5\u0645:<\/p>\n

\u0626\u06ce\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u06c6\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/p>\n

\u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06c6\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u06af\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u0626\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0648. \u062a\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06c6\u0631 \u0644\u06d5 \u0642\u06c6\u0646\u0627\u063a\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc(Principia Ethica<\/em>)\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06ce\u062a\u061b \u0644\u06d5\u0648 \u0647\u06ce\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06c6 \u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0686\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0634\u062a\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u0648\u06d5\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u06c6\u0686\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5 \u0646\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0695\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5. \u062f\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06c6\u0631 \u0626\u0627\u06b5\u06c6\u0632\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648. \u0628\u06c6 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5 \u0645\u06c6\u0631 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0633\u06cc (Frank Ramsey) \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc (\u062a\u06cc\u06c6\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0633\u0641)\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u06c6\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u067e\u0695\u06c6\u0698\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc. \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u0648\u06d5\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06c6\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u06d5 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u062a\u06c6\u0633\u06cc \u06a4\u06cc\u062a\u06af\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u06c6\u0631 \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0633\u0648\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0648 \u06a9\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633\u06ce\u06a9 \u062f\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u0644\u06d5 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u0695\u06cc\u0646\u06ce\u06a9 \u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06af\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06d5\u0628\u06ce \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0645\u06c6\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u0644\u06d5(A Defence of Common Sense)\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06ce\u06a9 \u062d\u0648\u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0642\u06b5\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u06ce \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5\u0633\u06ce\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u06a9\u0645\u06d5 \u0634\u06a9 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06c6\u0686\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0698\u06ce\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u00a0(Proof of an External World)<\/p>\n

\u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0634\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u0645:<\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c \u0648 \u0628\u06b5\u0627\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0698\u06d5\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0632\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5 \u0648 \u0645\u06c6\u0631 \u0648 \u06a4\u06cc\u062a\u06af\u0634\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0648\u0648 \u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 (\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c) \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5\u0634 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0660\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u06d5 \u0644\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u06cc. \u0626\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u06d5\u0645 \u062c\u06c6\u0631\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06d5 \u062c\u06af\u06d5\u0644\u06d5 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5 \u0648 \u0645\u06c6\u0631 \u0648 \u06a4\u06cc\u062a\u06af\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0631\u06d5\u0645\u0632\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u061b<\/p>\n

\u0686\u0627\u0631\u0644\u06ce \u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u06c6\u062f\/\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u06c6\u062f C. D. Broad: (1887-1971)<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0632\u06ccFrank Ramsey:\u00a0 (1903-1930)<\/p>\n

\u062c\u06c6\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062f\u0645John Wisdom: (1904-1993)<\/p>\n

\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0640\u06ce\u0640\u0628\u0640\u06cc\u0646\u06afSusan Stebbing: (1885-1943)<\/p>\n

\u06af\u06c6\u06a4\u0627\u0631\u06cc (Analysis<\/em>)\u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u06cc \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0663 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0644\u06d5 \u0644\u0627\u067e\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u06af\u06c6\u06a4\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06ce\u0648 (\u0648\u06d5\u0642\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc \u00a0Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society)\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0648\u06af\u06c6\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0648 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u06ce\u0626\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0698\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646. \u0626\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u0634 \u0628\u06c6 \u062e\u06c6\u06cc \u0631\u06ce\u0632 \u0648 \u0633\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u062f\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0698\u06d5\u06cc ‘ \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc’ \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627.<\/p>\n

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\u06af\u06cc\u0644\u0628\u06ce\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0644 (1900-1976) Gilbert Ryle<\/p>\n

\u062c\u06d5\u06cc. \u0626\u06ce\u06b5. \u0626\u06c6\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0646 (1911-1960) J. L. Austin<\/p>\n

\u067e\u06cc. \u0626\u06ce\u0641. \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646 P. F. Strawson \u00a0(1919-2006)<\/p>\n

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*Beaney, Michael, ed. The Oxford Handbook of the History of Analytic Philosophy<\/em>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.<\/p>\n

**\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0698\u06d5\u06cc (oxymoron)\u06a9\u06c6\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u0648\u0634\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0698\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u0695\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u061b \u0626\u0627\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0647\u06ce\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u06af\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0698\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u067e\u0627\u06b5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u062a\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc-\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u06ce\u0646\u062f\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0646\u06d5\u06af\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u060c \u0628\u06c6\u06cc\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a (\u0645\u06ce\u062a\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc) \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0698\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0626\u06c6\u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u0645\u06c6\u0631\u06c6\u0646\u06d5\u060c \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u06af\u0627\u06b5\u062a\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0698\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5.<\/p>\n

***\u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc “<\/strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u062a\u06c6\u0632 \u0644\u06c6\u062c\u06cc\u06a9\u06c6-\u0641\u06cc\u0644\u06c6\u0633\u06c6\u0641\u06cc\u06a9\u06c6\u0633<\/strong>” (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus)<\/strong> \u06a9\u06d5 \u0632\u06c6\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u06d5 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u06d5 “<\/strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u062a\u06c6\u0632<\/strong>“<\/strong> \u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u0633\u0648\u0641\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062f\u06a4\u06cc\u06af \u06a4\u06cc\u062a\u06af\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/strong> \u0628\u0648\u0648 \u06a9\u06d5 \u062e\u06c6\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u06b5\u0627\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 (\u0633\u0627\u06b5\u06cc \u0661\u0669\u0662\u0661). \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06d5 \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0662-\u0662 \u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06ce\u06cc\u06d5\u0645: \u067e\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u06ce\u06af\u06d5 \u0648 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0626\u06cc\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06d5 \u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0632\u06c6\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u06ce\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9 \u0647\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06ce\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u067e\u06d5\u0695\u06cc\u0648\u0646. \u0644\u06d5\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0698\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5\u0645 \u0644\u06d5 \u062e\u06d5\u06b5\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0648. \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u067e\u06ce\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0698\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u0641\u0631\u06ce\u06af\u06d5 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0645 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5 \u0644\u06d5\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":21934,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-essays"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc Analytic Philosophy \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u06ce\u06a9 \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 Philosophy of Language – \u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0698\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06c6 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u06d5\u0639\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06cc\u06d5\u062a<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hazhan.org\/?p=21933\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc Analytic Philosophy \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u06ce\u06a9 \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 Philosophy of Language – \u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0698\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06c6 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u06d5\u0639\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0662-\u0662 \u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06ce\u06cc\u06d5\u0645: \u067e\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u06ce\u06af\u06d5 \u0648 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0626\u06cc\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06d5 \u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0632\u06c6\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u06ce\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9 \u0647\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06ce\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u067e\u06d5\u0695\u06cc\u0648\u0646. \u0644\u06d5\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0698\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5\u0645 \u0644\u06d5 \u062e\u06d5\u06b5\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0648. \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u067e\u06ce\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0698\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u0641\u0631\u06ce\u06af\u06d5 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0645 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0633\u06b5 \u0644\u06d5\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/hazhan.org\/?p=21933\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0698\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06c6 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u06d5\u0639\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/web.facebook.com\/nawandi.hazhan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-03-18T00:34:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-18T00:40:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/hazhan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/p8.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1114\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"504\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ari Ali\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ari Ali\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/hazhan.org\\\/?p=21933#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/hazhan.org\\\/?p=21933\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ari Ali\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/hazhan.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/308b19d99442790d27f9e172da51b58f\"},\"headline\":\"\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc Analytic Philosophy \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u06ce\u06a9 \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u0641\u06d5\u0644\u0633\u06d5\u0641\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 Philosophy of 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